Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung developed the concept of archetypes as part of his theory of the collective unconscious, calling them inherited universal patterns of thought and behavior which exist across cultures and time. He originally defined 12 archetypes in addition to the Self, the Anima/Animas, the Persona and the Shadow. There are probably hundreds of archetypes if not more. Some are very old, some are modern.
I read Man and his Symbols by Jung, in college and was fascinated by the concepts of the Collective Unconscious, archetypes and the importance of symbolism. Man and his Symbols, which was published in 1964 was written for a general audience and is a good book to start exploring Jung. The Archetypes and the Collective Unconscious Vol 9 is part of Jung's Collected Works and is a more challenging read.
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